The majority of cases of dry skin result from lifestyle and environmental factors. Excessive bathing, living in hot or cold climates with low humidity, and dehydration contribute to the development of dry skin. While most dryness appears over large areas of skin, some conditions may appear as individual spots. Fortunately, most dry skin can be treated at home. In some cases, a consultation with a dermatologist may be necessary.
Symptoms
Symptoms
Dry skin appears when normally plump, moist cells lose moisture and shrivel up. Lack of moisture can lead to widespread fine lines and wrinkles, roughness, flaking and, in some cases, itching, cracking or bleeding. Dry skin may feel tight or may appear as a rough, red rash, similar to sunburn. In some cases, dry skin appears in round patches, called nummular eczema.
Causes
Lack of moisture, either internally or externally, leads to dry skin. Chronic dehydration causes premature wrinkling and dry, flaking skin. Harsh, dry environments pull moisture from your skin, leaving it parched and scaly. Overuse of soap and hot water while bathing or showering strips protective oils from your skin, allowing the natural moisture in your cells to escape. Some medical conditions reduce the amount of protective oils your body produces.
Some dry, scaly spots may be due to eczema or pityriasis rosea. Check with your doctor or dermatologist if your condition persists or if you experience symptoms such as bleeding, oozing or fever.
Some dry, scaly spots may be due to eczema or pityriasis rosea. Check with your doctor or dermatologist if your condition persists or if you experience symptoms such as bleeding, oozing or fever.
Home Treatment
Keeping your skin hydrated is the key to alleviating dry skin and spots. Mayo Clinic recommends drinking eight to nine glasses of liquid per day; however, amounts vary from person to person, depending on age, weight, medical condition and location. Emollient lotions and creams help protect skin from drying environmental elements. Keeping baths and showers short – 10 minutes or less – and using a mild, moisturizing soap helps minimize the loss of natural oils from your skin.
Other Spots
Some spots appear with or without dry skin. Age spots, also called liver spots, and freckles appear in areas that are often exposed to the sun, such as the face, hands and arms, and can occur in conjunction with areas of dry skin. Using sunscreen helps prevent sun-related spots. Other spots, such as bruises, insect bites and chicken pox, can appear independently of dry skin.
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